Which of the following is a factor that contributes to income inequality?

Disparities in wages and job opportunities significantly contribute to income inequality because they create a situation where certain groups of individuals have access to higher-paying jobs while others do not. Factors such as differing levels of education, geographic location, industry demand, and the availability of jobs can influence wage levels. For example, skilled workers in high-demand fields may earn significantly more than unskilled workers or those in industries facing decline, leading to a widening gap in income. As some individuals or groups gain access to better-paying positions and opportunities, the overall inequality in income distribution increases.

Higher education levels can mitigate income inequality by providing individuals with greater job prospects and earning potential. Progressive tax systems, designed to tax higher incomes at higher rates, tend to reduce income inequality by redistributing wealth. Universal health care access can also contribute to a more equitable society by alleviating financial burdens on lower-income individuals, which can improve their overall economic situation. However, disparities in wages and job opportunities directly establish the foundation for income inequality by affecting earnings potential among different populations.